Links to website Homepage Get data Introduction The database POPUM is one of the world’s most information-dense historical population databases. It contains information about 660 000 individuals and almost 5 million records between 1620-1900. In this database we have linked individual records from parish registers such as catechetical registers, birth and baptism registers, banns and marriage registers, migrations registers, and death registers. By combining the Skellefteå regions in POPUM with POPLINK, the individual-level linkage between historical and modern data is made available and covers almost 400 years. Shortname DDB POPUM IDS compatible Partly Period 1620 - 1900 Territory Sweden Category Longitudinal Contact information Organisation Demographic Data Base, Umeå University Web Address http://www.ddb.umu.se/english/?languageId=1 Location Umeå, Sweden Postal Address Umeå University, SE 901 87 Umeå, Sweden Contact Persons Anders Brändström Anders.brandstrom@ddb.umu.se Citation DDB (POPUM) QuestionnaireDownload questionnaireThe questionnaire was submitted on 10 March 2015 by Annika Westberg. Scope / Status Original goal Original goal is to digitize parish registers from selected Swedish parishes and make them available for researchers. The database POPUM is one of the world’s most information-dense historical population databases. It contains information about 660 000 individuals and almost 5 million records between 1620-1900. In this database we have linked individual records from parish registers such as catechetical registers, birth and baptism registers, banns and marriage registers, migrations registers, and death registers. Main sources: Parish registers such as catechetical registers, birth and baptism registers, banns and marriage registers, migrations registers, and death registers. Current status The database is under construction. There is no date for when it will be completed. New parishes will be added as to increase the registered population. Sample definition 1. Which sources form the basis for the sample? - Complete registration of parish registers for parishes selected by the research community. Parishes are grouped in four main regions. Individuals are followed during their presence within these regions. 2. Sampling units: Complete registration. 3. Variables used for selection: Complete registration. 4. Selection method: Total count. Geographic area under observation Skellefteå region (seven parishes in northern Sweden), Sundsvall region (eighteen parishes in mid-northern Sweden), Linköping region (thirty-six parishes in southern Sweden) and Northern inland region (eleven parishes). Realized parts The completed parts were constructed between 1973-2015. Keywords demography, life course, church register, history, social science, migration, occupations, intergenerational, mortality, fertility, family, literacy, epidemiology Sources Sources From yearEnd yearSourceExplanationPDF 1630 1900 Baptisms Include births and baptisms. Mainly late 18th and 19th century. PDF 1700 1900 Marriages from church registers Mainly late 18th and 19th century. PDF 1620 1900 Burials Include deaths and burials. Mainly late 18th and 19th century. PDF 1720 1900 Population registers (continuous) maintained by a church Mainly late 18th and 19th century. PDF Collection procedure • Data collection period: 1973–2015. • Data collection method: Transcription from scanned original sources. • The transcription was done: By individuals from scanned original sources. • The checking of the transcription was done: By automatic checks when transcribing and random sample checked by proof reading at time of registration. • Purpose of the transcription: Research. • Control methods by researcher: Consistencies are checked by logical control and computer programmes. Observations Units of observation Unit of observation ExplanationNumber Individuals 660,000 Married couples Families Households It might be difficult to identify households. Farms Depends on how the population register was kept. Can differ from parish to parish and from time to time. Are there any related observations that are not included in the database? Explicit information on related persons not present in the parish is included in the database (for example “daughter of farmer Nils Olsson”, or “Farmers daughter”). How do the units of observation enter observation? Birth, start of registration, migration. How do the units of observation leave observation? Deaths, end of registration, migration. Dates estimated Sometimes only year is given. Are some entry or exit dates unknown? Only in rare cases. Mainly for older periods (i.e.18th century). Can observations be linked to geographic locations? Yes Are the dates and locations of movements within the observation area recorded? Yes Are all individuals who lived in the households of sample members recorded? Yes Linkage • Which sources and units of observation have been linked: Births/Baptisms –Y, Marriages -Y, Deaths/Burials -Y, Population registers – Y. • Documentation of linking: We use a combination of computerized and manual linkage and link in three steps. First within the closest geographical unit (parish), then we link relations with parents and children and finally within a bigger geographical unit. • Software: CoreLink, RelLink and RegLink for computerized linkage. ManLank and SirLink as computerized aid when linking manually. • What are the rules for linking? - Several different rules are used during computerized linkage. Key variables are date of birth, sex, first name and last name. All links are logged to be traceable. • How each reconstructed person is traceable to the original sources /transcribed data? - Volume, page and row in the original sources are recorded for each individual. • How is linkage represented in the database? - Every record has a unique identification number and is linked to individuals through the unique person identification number. • Linkage percentage: 97-98 %. • Quality of linkage (own evaluation): 100 %. Variables Events TypeDatedExplanation Birth Yes Sometimes only year. Marriage Yes Sometimes only year. Death Yes Sometimes only year. Migration Yes Sometimes only year. Also migration within parishes. Dates of communion Yes Dates of catechetical examinations Yes Occasionally other events Partly Variables On individuals: Gender, age, dates of birth, baptism, death, burial and marriage, legitimacy, age, gender, marital status. Presence in the parish, participation in holy communion, literacy, delinquency, smallpox vaccination, migration, relationships (biological and non-biological), cause of death with ICD-10 coding, occupations with HISCO coding. On households: Family composition, including number of children and their age are identified by relation and place of residence. It is difficult to identify with certainty servants, farm hands etc. in the family. Coding / Reference systems Occupational titles: Own coding system and HISCO. Locations (including geo-referenced systems). Religion, civil status, etc. Cause of death according to ICD-10. Marks, legitimacy, vaccination etc. Data representation INDIKO: web tool for extracting and visualizing data (mainly visualizing). DDB library: a set of standardized java methods for analysis and data extraction. CoreLink: computerized record linkage software. PERSONA: a new open source software for digitizing longitudinal population data will be ready for use in late 2015 (http://www.ddb.umu.se/tjanster/v42---utveckling-i-forskningens-tjanst/). Kinship relations Recording A specific table contains information about related individuals. Given relations are to parents, partners and children. From this table sibship groups can be created and families followed over generations. Depth of information Up to eleven generations. Publications 1.Main publications about the database itself Edvinsson, S. (2000). The Demographic Data Base at Umeå University - a resource for historical studies. In P. H. Hall, R McCaa, & G. Thorvaldsen, Handbook of International Historical Microdata for Population Research. Minnesota Population Center.Johansson, E. (2003). Church Records - Part I: From Orality to Reading Tradition. Church Records - Part II: Baptism, Teaching to Observe, and the Demographic Data Base (DDB). Opening Reflections. In Interchange, 34(2&3).Nilsdotter Jeub, U. (1993). Parish Records. 19th Century Ecclesiastical Registers. Demografiska databasen, Umeå.Vikström, P, Edvinsson, S, & Brändström, A. (2002). Longitudinal databases – sources for analyzing the life course. Characteristics, difficulties and possibilities. History and Computing, 14Wisselgren, M., Edvinsson, S., Berggren, M., & Larsson, M. (2014). Testing Methods of Record Linkage on Swedish Censuses. Historical Methods, 47, 138-151.2. Main or exemplary publications on research based on the databaseEgerbladh, I., & Bittles, A. H. (2011). Socioeconomic, demographic and legal influences on consanguinity and kinship in northern coastal Sweden, 1780-1899. Journal of Biosocial Science, 22, 1-23.Edvinsson, S., Brändström, A., Rogers, J., & Broström, G. (2005). High Risk Families: the unequal distribution of infant mortality in nineteenth century Sweden. Population Studies, 59(3), 321-337.Engberg, E. (2004). Boarded out by auction: poor children and their families in nineteenth-century northern Sweden. Continuity and Change, 19(3), 431-457.Maas, I., & Leeuwen, van, M.H.D. (2002). Industrialization and Intergenerational Mobility in Sweden. Acta Sociologica, 45, 179-194.Vikström, L. (2010). Identifying dissonant and complementary data on women through the triangulation of historical sources. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 13(3), 211-221.
